{"id":3083,"date":"2017-06-08T05:50:34","date_gmt":"2017-06-08T13:50:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.entremundos.org\/revista\/?p=3083"},"modified":"2017-06-08T11:08:04","modified_gmt":"2017-06-08T19:08:04","slug":"icefi-partiendo-el-pastel-de-la-desigualdad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.entremundos.org\/revista\/uncategorized\/icefi-partiendo-el-pastel-de-la-desigualdad\/","title":{"rendered":"Icefi: Partiendo el pastel de la desigualdad"},"content":{"rendered":"

Por Juan Jos\u00e9 Urbina<\/a>, Economista s\u00e9nior, Icefi<\/a> (Instituto Centroamericano de Estudios Fiscales)<\/h4>\n

Un pastel de diez niveles, que simboliza la riqueza de la naci\u00f3n, y cada nivel entre m\u00e1s alto m\u00e1s chico, nos recordaba que la distribuci\u00f3n es inequitativa. En su conjunto, conformaba una met\u00e1fora utilizada m\u00e1s de una vez para explicar el fen\u00f3meno de la desigualdad en los ingresos. Alegor\u00eda que se materializ\u00f3 durante el evento de la iniciativa colectiva \u00abPara\u00edso Desigual<\/a>\u00bb. Y a continuaci\u00f3n les comparto mi experiencia con la din\u00e1mica\/refrigerio\/reflexi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Una vez terminadas las conferencias y el conversatorio, se invit\u00f3 a los asistentes a buscar en un sobre entregado al inicio de la actividad, un papel de color que asignaba a las personas su lugar en la escala de ingresos y permit\u00eda reconocer a las personas en similar situaci\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica. Los diez pasteles representaban el nivel de ingresos que tienen las personas en Guatemala, si las distribuy\u00e9ramos en grupos de diez. Como buen despistado que soy, no supe qu\u00e9 hice mi sobre -s\u00ed es que alguna vez tuve el susodicho sobre-, as\u00ed que sin pena ni gloria me dispon\u00eda a partir, sin poder disfrutar del golpe de az\u00facar.<\/p>\n

Sin embargo, no s\u00e9 si para aparentar movilidad social o simplemente porque las personas de la mesa donde colocaron el pastel no quer\u00edan ensuciarse las manos (ll\u00e1mense Maroon 5 entrada Diamante), fui invitado a la mesa y termin\u00e9 siendo quien repartir\u00eda el pastel. Cuatro tortas de tama\u00f1o considerable se encontraban apiladas una sobre otra, para a lo sumo 8 personas (2 \u00e9ramos colados).<\/p>\n

Comenc\u00e9 a repartir el pastel en porciones proporcionales a la abundancia. Mientras unos tomaron su obscena porci\u00f3n sin protesta, hubo un par de cautos que pidieron la mitad (dado el privilegio de tener la opci\u00f3n). Terminada la primera torta, quedaron las migajas y a falta de espacio en la mesa se dispuso a pasar los restos a la mesa de los que representaban al grupo que ten\u00edan menos ingresos -cualquier parecido no es pura coincidencia-.<\/p>\n

De otra mesa, ante su carencia, llegaron a pedir pastel y obtuvieron su tajada. Eso s\u00ed, previa negociaci\u00f3n de que ese iba a ser el \u00fanico aporte y nada m\u00e1s \u2013 \u00bfles suena a alg\u00fan tipo de impuesto? Mientras tanto, uno de los coordinadores del evento lleg\u00f3 y se llev\u00f3 una torta completa, como mi tarea era la de repartir y no la de fiscalizar, no supe si termin\u00f3 distribuida o escondida en un vertedero fiscal -para\u00edso fiscal para los que son visitantes asiduos-.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Una onceava torta de chocolate que desbordada ostentosidad, representaba a los multimillonarios que ni siquiera se reflejan en las encuestas.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Al final ya nadie quer\u00eda pastel y a\u00fan quedaba torta y media, y un pedazo con una mordida del que nadie se hizo responsable. Sobr\u00f3, a pesar de la advertencia de los organizadores de que no iba a alcanzar. Milagro en parte atribuido a que otras responsabilidades o limitaciones obligaron a muchos a partir (ll\u00e1mense para efectos metaf\u00f3ricos \u201cinmigrantes\u201d).<\/p>\n

Mientras que una onceava torta de chocolate que desbordada ostentosidad, representaba a los multimillonarios que ni siquiera se reflejan en las encuestas. Seg\u00fan me enter\u00e9, porque dicho fen\u00f3meno escapa a nuestra percepci\u00f3n, fue disfrutada por una sola persona, a pesar de que era inhumanamente posible que pudiera acabar con toda esa riqueza ella sola.<\/p>\n

\u00bfCon qu\u00e9 me quedo de toda esa az\u00facar, met\u00e1fora y reflexi\u00f3n sobre un pastel repartido tan desigualmente? Aparte de la subida de glucosa, me quedo con la convicci\u00f3n de que debemos buscar las formas de revertir los mecanismos que generan la desigualdad del ingreso, as\u00ed como el resto de expresiones de la desigualdad que limitan el desarrollo humano. Que no hay otro camino m\u00e1s que plantearnos una agenda para lograrlo, la cual incluya a convencidos, pero que tambi\u00e9n vaya dirigida a generar conciencia en los no convencidos. A pesar del clich\u00e9, sigue siendo una cuesti\u00f3n que no es de tama\u00f1o de pasteles, sino c\u00f3mo se reparten.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Un pastel de diez niveles, que simboliza la riqueza de la naci\u00f3n, y cada nivel entre m\u00e1s alto m\u00e1s chico, nos recordaba que la distribuci\u00f3n es inequitativa.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Por Juan Jos\u00e9 Urbina, Economista s\u00e9nior, Icefi (Instituto Centroamericano de Estudios Fiscales) Un pastel de diez niveles, que simboliza la riqueza de la naci\u00f3n, y cada nivel entre m\u00e1s alto m\u00e1s chico, nos recordaba que la distribuci\u00f3n es inequitativa. En su conjunto, conformaba una met\u00e1fora utilizada m\u00e1s de una vez para explicar el fen\u00f3meno de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3086,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[407,380,452,1],"tags":[813,811,49,817,800,812,762,773,527,815,816,814],"class_list":["post-3083","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-corrupcion","category-economia","category-frontpage","category-uncategorized","tag-corrupcion","tag-desigualdad","tag-economia","tag-estudios-fiscales","tag-gasto-publico","tag-gautemala","tag-icefi","tag-impuestos","tag-oxfam","tag-paraiso-desigual","tag-poitica-fiscal","tag-riqueza"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.entremundos.org\/revista\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/pastel-por-deciles.jpeg?fit=1280%2C720&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7ljt7-NJ","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":12622,"url":"https:\/\/www.entremundos.org\/revista\/politica\/presupuesto-nacional-procesos-y-elementos-importantes\/","url_meta":{"origin":3083,"position":0},"title":"Presupuesto nacional; Procesos y elementos importantes","author":"EntreMundos","date":"16 enero, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"POR YESSICA PASTOR El siguiente es un extracto de una de las conversaciones sostenidas dentro de la serie de encuentros virtuales sobre incidencia pol\u00edtica del Directorio Guatemala. 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Icefi finds that these actions undermine legitimate efforts to fight corruption, rehabilitate public finance, and create just, appropriate,\u2026","rel":"","context":"En \u00abEconomy\u00bb","block_context":{"text":"Economy","link":"https:\/\/www.entremundos.org\/revista\/category\/economy\/?lang=en"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.entremundos.org\/revista\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/icefi-ejecutivos-triangulo-norte.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.entremundos.org\/revista\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/icefi-ejecutivos-triangulo-norte.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.entremundos.org\/revista\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/icefi-ejecutivos-triangulo-norte.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.entremundos.org\/revista\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/icefi-ejecutivos-triangulo-norte.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.entremundos.org\/revista\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/icefi-ejecutivos-triangulo-norte.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":3331,"url":"https:\/\/www.entremundos.org\/revista\/politics\/icefi-study-shows-discrimination-in-government-spending-on-maya-communities\/?lang=en","url_meta":{"origin":3083,"position":2},"title":"Icefi study shows discrimination in government spending on Maya communities","author":"EntreMundos","date":"25 agosto, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Commentary from the Central American Institute of Fiscal Studies (Icefi) The Central American Institute of Fiscal Studies (Icefi) presented its study \u201cAtlas of public investment in indigenous communities\u201d in Guatemala City in July. 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